Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems. In order to be considered bullying, the behavior must be aggressive and include,an Imbalance of Power:
Kids who bully use their power—such as physical strength, access to embarrassing information, or popularity—to control or harm others. Power imbalances can change over time and in different situations, even if they involve the same people.Repetition: Bullying behaviors happen more than once or have the potential to happen more than once.Bullying includes actions such as making
threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose.
Bullying is the exposure to repeated negative actions over time on thepart of one or more students Negative actions are intentional attempts to injure or cause discomfort in others. Examples are physical contact, verbal insults, rumors, and intentional exclusion. For the actions to qualify as bullying, an asymmetric power relationship between the bully and the victim should also exist such that
the bullied child hasdifficulties defending him or herself against the perpetrator. The seminal works by the author describe two victim types: passive and provocative. The typical passive victim is cautious, sensitive and quiet and reacts by crying. Boys who are bullied arc generally physically weaker than other boys. The provocative victim, on the other hand, has problems with concentration, causes irritation and tension and is often hyperactive, describes bullies as aggressive towards peers, parents and teachers. Bullies are more prone to use violence, are impulsive and have a strong need to dominate others. Furthermore, they are in general physically stronger than other boys.